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How Do Machines ‘Grok’ Data?
...the observer becomes a part of the process being observed.” The overtrained neural network, designed to perform certain mathematical operations, had learned the general structure of the numbers and internalized...
Do We Need a New Theory of Gravity?
...biggest questions in math and science today. In this episode, we ask physicist Claudia de Rham, what might gravity be hiding at a particle level? And how might this change...
How the Human Brain Contends With the Strangeness of Zero
...simple, math students and mathematicians alike continue to wrestle with it. Zero is the “eccentric uncle in the family of numbers,” Nieder said. To use zero in calculations, mathematicians had...
The Physicist Working to Build Science-Literate AI
...neural networks are just equations, too. How come Einstein’s math gives us models of the universe, but AI’s math can’t? I would say that the second kind of math, machine...
Will We Ever Prove String Theory?
...of mathematics being researched. so in fact we can generate our own math tools. That’s not going to stop us. More, I think is the issue, even though we have...
How Big Data Carried Graph Theory Into New Dimensions
Researchers are turning to the mathematics of higher-order interactions to better model the complex connections within their data. Graph theory isn’t enough. The mathematical language for talking about connections, which...
New Number Systems Seek Their Lost Primes
For centuries, mathematicians tried to solve problems by adding new values to the usual numbers. Now they’re investigating the unintended consequences of that tinkering. Mathematicians are digging up the root...
A Puzzle of Clever Connections Nears a Happy End
The three young friends who devised the “happy ending” problem became some of the most influential mathematicians of the 20th century, but were never able to solve their own puzzle....
Yitang Zhang’s Santa Barbara Beach Walk
...of China’s top math students and completing his doctorate at Purdue University in Indiana, for seven years Zhang could not find work as a mathematician. At one point, he worked...