Mathematics

Paul Erdős placed small bounties on hundreds of unsolved math problems. Over the past 20 years, only a handful have been claimed.

The three young friends who devised the “happy ending” problem would become some of the most influential mathematicians of the 20th century, but were never able to solve their own puzzle. Now it receives its first big breakthrough.

Juggling has advanced enormously in recent decades, thanks in part to the mathematical study of possible patterns.

There’s more than one good way to bring order to our unruly, seemingly arbitrary calendar.

Ramsey’s theorem predicts a surprising (and useful) consistency in the organization of graphs. Here’s a simple visual proof of how it works.

To avoid garbled messages, mathematicians might translate them into geometric form.

Equiangular lines are an elemental part of geometry. Mathematicians have discovered a tighter limit on the number of such lines that exist in every dimension.

How our society defines years, months and weeks can seem frustratingly arbitrary. Can you bring order to our unruly calendar?

Physicists are attempting to map the distribution of the prime numbers to the energy levels of a particular quantum system.